Wednesday, February 29, 2012

I have survey data rating the importance of factors from 0 to 3. What is the best way to analyze it?

I received data from 16 people ranking different factors on their importance from 0 to 3 for each factor. I would like to analyze the data to see if some of the factors differ significantly. Would I need to use an ANOVA test for this? What result would mean significance in an ANOVA?

Thanks!I have survey data rating the importance of factors from 0 to 3. What is the best way to analyze it?
You did not indicate how many factors. Let's just use K.



The ANOVA tests whether there is a significant difference between the means of the K factors.



When the results of the ANOVA test are significant, it would mean that at least one factor differs from the remaining K-1 factors.



To further group the factors that have no significant differences, a post hoc test is required.Examples of post hoc tests are DMRT, LSD, Tukey's HSD.

What are the legal requirements to strating up a data cleansing company in UK?

Hi there, need to know what are the legal requirements to starting up a data cleansing (mobile numbers) company in UK?



Also much interested to know, what are the regulative bodies I have to be registered with or be a memeber inorder to run the business. Moreover, what is the procedure in geeting TPS data and from where should I get them.



So anyone, who knows information on this regard, please share it with me.



Thanks in advance.What are the legal requirements to strating up a data cleansing company in UK?
It might be good to do a bit of research first in the IT world. Use the links below and see what you can find.

What is an Internet voice chat service with little data usage?

I enjoy skype chatting a friend while we play computer games together. However I've lately been pushing the data limit a bit. I hear that skype is a big user of data because of it's quality. What could I use as an alternative? I don't mind about quality, so long as we can understand each other, it doesn't need to be crystal clear.What is an Internet voice chat service with little data usage?
teamspeak and ventrillo

most common ones for gaming. I prefer teamspeak.What is an Internet voice chat service with little data usage?
you may try "yahoo messenger".

I have survey data rating the importance of factors from 0 to 3. What is the best way to analyze it?

I received data from 16 people ranking different factors on their importance from 0 to 3 for each factor. I would like to analyze the data to see if some of the factors differ significantly. Would I need to use an ANOVA test for this? What result would mean significance in an ANOVA?

Thanks!I have survey data rating the importance of factors from 0 to 3. What is the best way to analyze it?
You did not indicate how many factors. Let's just use K.



The ANOVA tests whether there is a significant difference between the means of the K factors.



When the results of the ANOVA test are significant, it would mean that at least one factor differs from the remaining K-1 factors.



To further group the factors that have no significant differences, a post hoc test is required.Examples of post hoc tests are DMRT, LSD, Tukey's HSD.

What types of data can be sent through a network?

What types of data do routers and switches transmit? I know of data packets but is that all?What types of data can be sent through a network?
Networking data, files such as videos and music, word processing files and many more types of files. Data packets are just specific units that networks use to transfer their data around.What types of data can be sent through a network?
Every kind of data is transferred as packets, so yes, data packets is everything that is transmitted.What types of data can be sent through a network?
Data is always sent as packets. Not on the lowest level, obviously, but from a high level view that's how it's done.
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  • What are the differences between a data center and a database ?

    I am reading some materials about services of IBM but I'm not quite familiar with these stuffs. So can anyone explain for me what the differences between those two ? I understand that database is where people store organized-information, so how about data center ?What are the differences between a data center and a database ?
    A database is a collection of records.



    A data center is physical location where data is handled or housed.



    For example, When you do a google search, the computer accesses a database to obtain and return your result. The location where the Google data base computers are located is a Data Center.What are the differences between a data center and a database ?
    A Data Center is a physical location, usually a floor or a building, where telecommunication equipments (like switches, routers and fiber optics links) and computer hardware like servers are hosted. Terremark (www.terremark.com) is an example provider of Data Center Services.



    A Database is a collection of records. Inside a Database (DB) data are stored in Tables each one containing similar information. For example a Company X DB could consist of Customers Table and Orders Table.

    Finally, a DB is a piece of software running in a server hosted in a Data Center.

    What is the lowest rate for a t mobile data package?

    I want to purchase a blackberry but a data package is required. What is the lowest possible rate for the data package available?What is the lowest rate for a t mobile data package?
    拢20 for six months internet.What is the lowest rate for a t mobile data package?
    Simple mobile is part of t- mobile

    in usa



    its great, cheap and has fast internet

    it has 3g too.

    What is the fastest and easiest way to transfer data from one laptop to another?

    I have a laptop that I want to give to my dad. The thing is, I want to transfer all my data from that laptop onto my new laptop. Both laptops are under a year old (just fyi). I don't have an external hard drive. Can someone tell me what the fastest and easiest way to transfer over my data? Thanks.What is the fastest and easiest way to transfer data from one laptop to another?
    Use a program called Laplink. You will need either a serial or USB cable.



    Chuck

    http://www.ebusinesswiz.com
    The fastest way I know of is to put your data on blank discs to import them over to the next laptop.What is the fastest and easiest way to transfer data from one laptop to another?
    a thumb drive or flash drive . You can get them at office supply , electronic stores,target etc.

    GOOD LUCK
    The fastest way without an external drive is just to burn all of your files to a DVD.What is the fastest and easiest way to transfer data from one laptop to another?
    Well the easiest way is if you have a wireless internet connection. then you could just set them both up to share files and then just drag and drop and bam your done. To do that, on the computer with the info click on the folder or drive for instance (C drive), right click and click on sharing and security. Then click share this folder. Once done click on my network places on the other laptop that you want to put the files on. When you do this you ought to see the folder that you shared on the other laptop. Then just copy and paste,
    Take it from an A+ Certified computer tech. The fastest way to transfer the files is through the Ethernet port. Make sure both of your laptops have an Ethernet jack (you can get a PC adapter if they don't have one), connect a rollover Ethernet cord to them, and use the File and Settings Transfer Wizard to move any files and/or settings between the two laptops. It's as fast as the Ethernet operates, which is a few megabytes per second. Don't have to mess with CDs, DVDs, or keep plugging in thumb drives.
    1. Network both laptops

    2. Transfer data with windows "file and transfer wizard"

    Start, programs, accessories, system tools, "file and transfer wizard"



    File and transfer wizard was meant for this, especially over a network and when you want to transfer your old data from your old computer to your new.
    You can use crossover cable to directly connect to two laptops. You can buy this cheap from electronic stores.



    Or if you have a router, you can plug both laptops to the router with Ethernet cables. In order to transfer data, you must have the same work group name on both laptop.
    yes, use laplink or if the laptops have network cards do it via a network cable
    get a cross-over cable. it looks like a standard ethernet cable, but it is wired specially so you can just connect two computers directly. probably costs less than 10 bucks.

    How can I transfer my data from one computer to another?

    Okay, so recently I upgraded my old Mac mini to a WAY better one, but I need a way to transfer some programs over. I know you can use a firewire cord, but I don't have one. I have an 8 gig flash drive, but one of the things I need to transfer over is World of Warcraft, and that takes up 16 gigs. What is a fast, easy way to transfer my data over?How can I transfer my data from one computer to another?
    if you have an internet connection (which you do...)

    pull out the lan cable and connect it between the two

    now google for "setting up an lan network in mac"

    follow procedure.

    DONE

    What company has the cheapest data recovery rates? What is the avg starting price for a 500 gig drive?

    I have a portable 500gig WD drive which just crashed on me this morning! Talk about an unhappy thanks giving! What would be the starting prices for data recovery? What does it depend on?What company has the cheapest data recovery rates? What is the avg starting price for a 500 gig drive?
    For a drive that size. About 1000 dollars plus other fees.
    I don't know if this will work for you but I used SherlockDataRecovery.com and they do not charge anything now unless your data is recovered. They used to charge a diagnostic fee but not any more

    If your recovery is a logical data recovery $150 for up to a 250GB drive

    Report Abuse

    What company has the cheapest data recovery rates? What is the avg starting price for a 500 gig drive?
    I have used http://www.datanalyzers.com the charge around $1000 that's the best deal I could find.

    Report Abuse


    there are a few things to respect for a data recorvery. First of all, the disk must spinn. A disk with a broken motor that can't spin anymore is to put in the trash.

    Then, if it spins, it needs to show up in your hardware manager in the bios of the motherboard and show up in the diskmanager of your oS.

    When those conditions are ok, you need a second disk with anough space to copy the files to.

    After that you get a software like Undelete +

    http://undelete-plus.com/

    and you do it yourself for nuts.What company has the cheapest data recovery rates? What is the avg starting price for a 500 gig drive?
    Data recovery is NOT cheep! you will be looking at about .35-.40 a meg .
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  • What is the technical term for the reorganization of data from various data sources so that it maps for import?

    I'm working on a paper related to the organization of data from multiple sources into an XML feed.

    The data sources contain similar data (i.e. manufacturers) but the manufacturers in data source A are not formated the same as in data source B, and so on. What is the name of the process that 'fixes' this. Rationalization?What is the technical term for the reorganization of data from various data sources so that it maps for import?
    Flat File Mapping

    =

    - http://www.xml.com/pub/r/1604What is the technical term for the reorganization of data from various data sources so that it maps for import?
    I BELIEVE you're thinking of "data mining"

    How is data encoded into a specific frequency?

    I understand that different frequencies are like different pipelines. For instance on 587 MHz u can transmit data on but on 850 MHz u can also transmit data not related to one another. Does anyone understand how this works. And what is the highest frequency we are able to utilize?How is data encoded into a specific frequency?
    data, analog or digital can be 'modulated' with just about any RF carrier frequency to produce a modulated RF signal that is usually amplified to significantly bump up the transmitting power. What you're referring to is data multiplexing. As far as highest frequency humans are able to utilize....try 300Ghz any higher and we're talking about playing in the light frequency spectrums.

    http://www.ntia.doc.gov/files/ntia/publi鈥?/a>

    What is the best way to store digital data?

    A year back i copied some data in CD, after one year i tried to run it on my computer but my optical drive couldn't read it, i tried running it on my friend's computer but with no result. I realised that the CD is now corrupted, so tell me in what other way i can store my data with surety and safety. Especially for creating back-up.What is the best way to store digital data?
    only way to store digital data is in CD's, DVD's,and in pen drives......

    i think u downloaded that info to CD from net....or may be ur computer have virues at that time....bcoz of that ur CD also got the virues and it get corrupted ......if u use any antivirues in ur computer and before downloading any info to any devices just scan it.....and then download them





    hope it will help u...........
    DVD is better then cd

    so use DVD for that

    n also use Blu-ray Disc if available



    Blu-ray Disc (also known as Blu-ray or BD) is an optical disc storage medium. Its main uses are high-definition video and data storage. The disc has the same physical dimensions as standard DVDs and CDs.



    The name Blu-ray Disc is derived from the blue laser (violet-colored) used to read and write to this type of disc. Because of the wavelength (405 nanometres), substantially more data can be stored on a Blu-ray Disc than on the DVD format, which uses a red (650 nm) laser. A dual-layer Blu-ray Disc can store 50 gigabytes, almost six times the capacity of a dual-layer DVD, or ten and a half times that of a single-layer DVD.What is the best way to store digital data?
    usually a cd is a safe and reliable method you got a bad cd maybe from manufacture, other options are portable hard drives and mem sticks. A good copy program might help.
    after cleaning the data... store on a DVD

    If important, take a copy on an external/portable HDWhat is the best way to store digital data?
    use external hard disks.. they are the best ones to store all the data.. or even burning the data in dvd disks is a good way to store the data..

    ===== ======
    Use either thumb drives or an external hard drive
    U should try to store ur data.. IN DVD after scanning...



    with a updated antivirus
    ..external hard drives the best option.



    Cheers.

    What is a more appropriate statistical test when the data is nominal data or nominal grouped?

    What is a more appropriate statistical test when the data is nominal data or nominal grouped?

    What is a more appropriate statistical test when the data is nominal data or nominal grouped because of a closed format questionnaire (or like a multiple choice test)? So, how do I convert my received data through a statistical test? Someone please helpWhat is a more appropriate statistical test when the data is nominal data or nominal grouped?
    When data are nominally grouped, the chi-squared test is used to test whether there is an association between two categorical variables. An example is shown in the link.

    What is the difference between data being transmitted in a serial and parallel manner?

    So basically data can be transmitted in two different manners from my understanding-serial and parallel.



    What is the difference between these two forms of transmission?What is the difference between data being transmitted in a serial and parallel manner?
    Parallel sends multiple bits of data at a time

    serial sends one bit of data at a time but at much higher speeds than parallel. in short serial is faster and better than parallel. USB (universal serial bus) cables are serial, SATA hard drives use serial cables
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  • How do I transfer my data from a broken computer to a new one?

    Okay I have a broken computer but I'm going to get a new one so I want to transfer all of my data from the hard drive. How do I do it? What do I disconnect or connect? By the way is a compac win xp home edition (I know it's old)

    ps:I'm doing this from my iPhoneHow do I transfer my data from a broken computer to a new one?
    Hello Vincete, you can use a drive cloner or you can buy software to transfer the data, i will give you some links below. you can also get a piece of hardware to adapt your old hard drive into a ext drive for either permanent or just to transfer the files you need.



    here is a link to a UBD ulitmate boot disk, and a link to an online store to buy the cable to hook up the hard drive to your new computer.



    http://ubcd4win.com/downloads.htm



    http://www.tigerdirect.com/applications/鈥?/a>



    Good luck and contact me if you have further questions.How do I transfer my data from a broken computer to a new one?
    plug the hard drive into your new computer if the hard drive is good you can copy the data from one drive to the other then format that drive and use it as a second driveHow do I transfer my data from a broken computer to a new one?
    So your want to transfer your unbootable desktop data to your new laptop?

    You need an external hard drive enclosure (either 3.5in for desktop HDD or 2.5in for laptop HDD) . Disconnect your hard drive and connect it in an external hard drive enclosure and hook up with the USB.

    What is a longitudinal data set and how does it differ from other ways of data gathering?

    I want to know the differences between different methods of gathering data. The UK Dept. of Work and Pensions has been moving its data reporting system to a longitudinal system and I was hoping to discover what the advantages of and alternatives to this are.



    Thanks.What is a longitudinal data set and how does it differ from other ways of data gathering?
    http://www.longitudinal.stir.ac.uk/Links鈥?/a>



    You may want to try the above site.



    The whole area seems to have evolved around collecting and analysing Social Science data.



    Hope this helps.What is a longitudinal data set and how does it differ from other ways of data gathering?
    knowing that shower of incompetants they probably use Longitudinal system so they can tell people requiring information to get lost.



    it looks like its a faancy name for storing information in a time sequence

    How do I review my data browsing history on a particular day on an iphone?

    My bill has one irregular amount of data browsing and I'd like to check what was supposedly downloaded on that day.

    Is there a way to check?How do I review my data browsing history on a particular day on an iphone?
    Yes on safari go to the icon that looks like a book. Click there and youll see bookmarks , history and much more. Go to history and it is organize by dates.

    What is the difference between data and internet?

    On my mobile phone there seem to be different charges for 'data' and 'web browsing'. What is the difference or are they the same thing?What is the difference between data and internet?
    Do you mean an actual menu option on your phone, or on your bill?

    [Although networks can provide charge advice upon call completion, they rarely implement this, because of the huge number of tariffs, which are separately calculated by their billing systems (contract) or their prepay systems.

    I think it's unlikely therefore that your phone's internal software is processing AOCI or AOCC information from the VLR/MSC you're registered on]

    In bills, it probalby depends on your network operator, and from the information you've provided, I'm guessing they only give you a bill summary, rather than a breakdown/full itemisation.

    It's likely that the "data" it refers to is SMS and MMS messaging (unless you're using circuit-switched fax or data services - pretty unlikely, I suspect).

    Typically, networks have voice, old data 1 (SMS and MMS), old data 2 (circuit-switched data and fax) and new data (mobile internet, mobile broadband, private VPNs).

    What is a good regression analysis using 100 data points?

    I would like to do a multiple regression analysis, with two X variables for it, and 100 data points for Y and all X. I'm having trouble finding data that gives a good R square value (I would like it be more than 0.4 if possible). Does anyone have any suggestions?What is a good regression analysis using 100 data points?
    to find data, have a look on the website:



    http://www.robertniles.com/data/



    or



    http://www.noodletools.com/debbie/resour鈥?/a>



    good luck
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  • How save my important data when there is virus in Hard Disk?

    There is lot of virus and spam in my computer i don't have any internet connection i have very important data in (D %26amp; E Drive), there are 4 partitions of Hard disk (C,D,E,G) windows is in C Drive Obviously. i want to save my data from D %26amp; E, what should i do. please help to protect my data.









    Additional details: i can arrange for internet connection and a new computer.

    i want to know about procedure.How save my important data when there is virus in Hard Disk?
    Personally, I would just remove the virus. But if you want to, you can purchase a large enough external disk and back up your data to it. If your computer won't boot, you can use a bootable backup tool such as Acronis Backup and Restore.

    How much data do you require to believe in Global Warming?

    I've noticed how many deniers say that we have far to little data to reach any responsible conclusions.

    What is enough data?How much data do you require to believe in Global Warming?
    Any scientific data would be sufficient.

    But theories, nonsensical and hysterical doomsday predictions, and computer models are not data.

    Ignoring and/or distorting facts are not data.

    Lies and deceit are not data.

    Paranoid fear is not data.

    The list goes on and on.



    I believe in science.

    I do not believe media hype, politicians, doomsayers, scam artists, etc...



    Show me one valid piece of scientific evidence that so-called 'Global Warming' is anything unnatural, and I will be more than happy to join the other side.



    I shall continue to side with scientists and science facts.

    By the way, 'Global Warming' seems to be yesterday's term and has been replaced with 'Climate Change' now in order to cover all possibilities!
    Data is good and helps but I need a scientific study that proves a hypothesis. It has to be a repeatable study that me and others can perform that shows CO2 causes a rise in temperature. So far we don't have that, we have a correlation of CO2 levels and temperature. Correlation doesn't prove causation. It makes it worth study but doesn't prove it.



    We also have a logical fallacy masquerading as proof when people say things like 'there is a consensus of scientists that believe in global warming.'



    First a consensus means most believe, that is a logical fallacy claiming it must be right because so many believe it. Not correct.



    Second is the fact they are saying since scientists believe it, that is the appeal to authority, in other words, authority can't be wrong. Again incorrect.



    There are good scientists doing interesting work but so far no one can prove global warming.How much data do you require to believe in Global Warming?
    I suppose deniers are looking for accurate historical evidence. There is none. In fact, the climate change data is based on computer models (and anybody can create a model with a pre-planned outcome).



    The problem is those who push the "global warming theory" are called hysterical because they often fail to talk about the scientific evidence and instead the attack those who are asking to discuss the issue. The biggest problem with the Global Warming movement is they have become like some crazy cult religion - with no evidence to back their claims. For Instance, Al Gore's Inconvienient Truth movie has been found full of errors and miscalculations - even discredited in part by data from the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).



    If scientists are paid research grants for only finding "man made global warming" is real and serious then of course, that is the outcome they will reach. There is no money in denying it. I just think that people should stop believing these things and ask the tough questions, do their own research.


    Firstly if you want to get peoples backs up use the term denier, its not the corect term though, I prefer the term "thinkers" or "skeptics"



    If the IPCC could find a link between manmade co2 and climate change it would be start since theyve already spent $50 billion on research which we have paid for (and a model isnt proof as its based on the theory and hundreds of assumptions), fact is its impossible to prove so it will always be a theory and there will always be skeptics of any theory



    What I agree with is the climate has warmed over the last few hundred years , co2 is a mild greenhouse gas, co2 levels have been increasing and the climate changes. I dont agree with all the alarmist stories though as it has been warmer in the past and the sea didnt swallow the earth and the polar bears survived and europe enjoyed mild climes and the english grew vineyards across london (you cant question physical evidence with model projections based on a theory).



    I doubt co2 drives the climate, though It may have a very small input as it accounts for 0.054% of greenhouse gasses. Records show warming happens before co2 levels rise, so historically the climate has been driven by something else - maybe the sun? this doesnt prove that co2 cant be responsible this time, but the evidence for this would be warming of the troposphere and its not happening suggesting the climate is still being driven by something else. It is this information that is leading many leading scientist to question the theory as the signature isnt there for global warming.



    Scientists often look at a trend and come up with a theory but it doesnt mean they are right so I reserve judgement on the AGW theory. Remeber in 1975 the climate scientists predicted an ice age so they DO get it wrong despite all their phd's etc...

    How much data do you require to believe in Global Warming?
    Something that outweighs the strongly documented historical evidence that there is no existing problem to go bonkers over. Current global warming ended about 70 years ago and has basically flatlined since them except for minor variations below the 1934 high. Recent studies by scientists not aligned politically with the limits to growth religious cult and their high priest have expressed worry over the current low level of sun spot activity! This if true could be a lot more serious than any further warming could possibly be. Every time there has been a long quiet period of solar activity it gets cold fast.



    This leads to serious global cooling as happened between 1946 and 1958 and between 1970 and 1985, which were minor cooling periods. Or it could if extended become another little ice age like the one that extended from the middle 1300s through the middle 1800s that killed millions through starvation and disease, remember the black plague that devastated the world during that time!


    Subject: IT IS NOT GLOBAL WARMING, BUT IT IS A SHIFT IN CLIMATE ZONES DUE TO THE DECREASE IN THE EARTH'S OBLIQUITY



    %26gt; The earth's obliquity Angle decreases by 0.47" each

    %26gt; year, which changes the focus of the sun's radiation

    %26gt; on earth, resulting in climate shifts. As the

    %26gt; obliquity angle decreases, the hemispheres change in

    %26gt; basic temperature with the south becoming colder and

    %26gt; the north becoming warmer. When the obliquity angle

    %26gt; reaches about 22 degrees, it will start to go the

    %26gt; other way and the north will get colder again and the

    %26gt; south will become warmer. Obviously, and counter to

    %26gt; Al Gores unlearned theories, the warming of the

    %26gt; northern hemisphere cannot be stopped by man. It will

    %26gt; stop and reverse itself. Then the climate shifts we

    %26gt; presently experience will be goin the other way. It

    %26gt; is pure logic applied to astro-physical law.

    %26gt;

    %26gt; It has long been recognized that rather than staying

    %26gt; constant, obliquity varies slowly with time as a

    %26gt; result of external gravitational influences. The Moon

    %26gt; and Sun's tidal torques on Earth's ellipticity give

    %26gt; rise to the familiar 26,000-year astronomical

    %26gt; precession, while the gravitational pull of other

    %26gt; planets, primarily Jupiter and Venus, slowly perturbs

    %26gt; the orientation of the ecliptic plane in space. The

    %26gt; combined effect observed by Earth dwellers is an

    %26gt; ~41,000-year oscillation in the obliquity with overall

    %26gt; amplitude typically of about 2掳. This oscillation is

    %26gt; one of the three Milankovitch cycles that ultimately

    %26gt; affect our long-term climatic system and serve as the

    %26gt; pacemaker of ice ages. The present-day obliquity

    %26gt; happens to be close to the mean value, and we are in

    %26gt; the middle of a downswing (see figure (1)). In terms

    %26gt; of real distance on the Earth's surface, one should

    %26gt; see a slow equatorward shift of the tropics by 14.4 m

    %26gt; a year-well over 1 km in a century!
    I believe in global warming or climate change........whatever. What I question is these predictions of doomsday. Maybe humans are causing some warming, but all these doomsday predictions are ridiculous when even the IPCC hasn't predicted that "we'll all be dead" in 100 years. People are choosing the most extreme of the scenarios that these climate models have come up with. That kind of exaggeration is what could lead us to policy blunders in which the govt interferes too much. I constantly hear complaints about how inefficient the govt is but at the same time people want it to solve this "crisis".



    I think the free market will move towards renewable clean energy in a much more efficient way because sending billions of dollars overseas to countries that despise us is not practical anymore. Like I've said before, we need to sensibly develop a domestic energy plan which utilizes domestic sources of energy like oil, coal etc., along with ushering in new technologies. I just don't happen to agree that the govt needs to impose taxes, penalties and regulations. The Kyoto accord isn't exactly working out too great in Europe.
    There are many ten year periods the Earth noticeably warmed, but not in the last ten years, this is not something predicted by climate models, why should I believe Florida will be flooded in 25 years if they can't get the last 10 right.



    http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs鈥?/a>



    Especially when there is an alternate prediction that has been more accurate and that is much more serious than mild winters.



    http://bourabai.georisk.kz/landscheidt/n鈥?/a>

    .


    in north carolina ,the piedmont region ,it used to snow 3-4 times per season. now it's rare to get a few flurries,it used to cloud up and rain 3-4 days in a row ,and drought was rare,now the only rain we get is the occasional burned out hurricane and afternoon thunderstorms.we have had record high temperatures and record droughts for the last 3 years,today i heard a huge glacier in greenland has cracked and will probably seperate within the year,and the north finally has a northwest passage all the ice is melting. a rhode island sized cunk of ice just broke off antarctica .monster hurricanes , mississippi floods ,who needs convincing?............tom
    Just to let you know I'm on my iPhone so I mayhave some errors in my answer.



    Back to the question-I already do believe in glbal warming, BUT, I also believe that they are stretching the truth I tool Speke.



    Should answer more bot this isn't easy
    No U have enough it is a question as to how accurate it is. A 1 deg change in 100 years is nothing and falls below what most thermometers calibration accuracy.
    I guess 1 study which actually supports the theory would be helpful.


    15-20 more years of SATELLITE data--- the ground data is almost worthless.
    The 'deniers' have already made up their minds, and no amount of scientific data will change their minds. When you cite satellite data, ice core data, tree ring data, all they say is that they don't "trust" the data! No hope for them.

    When the tsunami was approaching the shore, people ran out to gather the fish left behind by the rapidly receding sea. They did it because they were ignorant of the ways of the ocean. They 'denied' that anything bad was happening! When I hear a 'denier' say that there will be "good" things to come from AGW, that reminds me of the foolish victims of the tsunami!

    The ever widening parameters of severe weather records,is a clear sign of abrupt climate change. What will it be next time? A hurricane that makes landfall 5 times? What if the heavy precipitation in the Mid-West continues? Last winter was the snowiest on record for the Mid-West,and now they get repeated flooding rains. The temps in the desert S.W. keep breaking all records. How hot is too hot? If these were just single events, by themselves, it would just be called "freak" weather. But with the rapid increase in severe weather lately,these weather events are WARNINGS! Are you living in a 'safe' area? I hope so!

    What would be the normal data sending speed of a pen drive?

    Speed of data sending to my pen drive is around 5 Mb per second, brand is kingston. Is this normal or some thing wrong with my pen or computer. Pz tell me what is the normal speed?

    I appreciate your answers, thanx!What would be the normal data sending speed of a pen drive?
    Generally it ranges between 3-4mb/s and 20, depending on the size of the file you are transferring, the format of the drive, and your operating system. NTFS is faster than FAT32, and larger files go quicker.What would be the normal data sending speed of a pen drive?
    If it is USB 2.0, yes it is normal speed. It depends on the speed of your hard drive inside of your computer to write data as well, because that is the main limiter of computer performance. SATA drives CAN transfer data at 3.0gb/s and Firewire ports can do similar, but it will only go as fast as your drive can write it to the disk.What would be the normal data sending speed of a pen drive?
    The general rate on the list.......

    How is data measured in my cell phone plan?

    I just renewed my contract with Verizon, and got a minor data plan. I have never had this before, and am a bit confused. It says my monthly data limit is 23 MB. How is this measured, what kinds of things use up my available MB?How is data measured in my cell phone plan?
    WHEN YOU GO ONLINE ON YOUR PHONE OR COMPUTER IT DOWNLOAD INFORMATION THIS MEASURED IN WHAT IS CALL BYTES 23mb STANDS FOR MEGA BYTES WHEN YOU TEXT IF ALSO USES BYTES OF INFORMATION LIKE A FEW Bk's KILO BYTES WHICH KILO IS SMALLER THEN A MEGA BYTE I WOULD GO WITH UNLIMITED IF YOU DO ALOT OF INTERNET ON THE PHONE BUT CAN BE SLOW. OR DO ALOT OF TEXTINGHow is data measured in my cell phone plan?
    check this video for ur answer http://www.videojug.com/expertanswer/mobile-internet-basics/how-are-data-transmission-rates-measured

    What is the best way to analyze qualitative data?

    I have a lot of interview data regarding opinions on energy policy. Surveys were not conducted. What is the appropriate data analysis approach?What is the best way to analyze qualitative data?
    After reading all the answers, I would summarize the points or comments each respondent made. Then I would indicate the percentage of respondents who supplied each answer. Then I would list the most common ten or twenty comments in descending order. You may want to provide several lists of answers depending on which/how many questions were asked.



    Good luck with your research.
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  • What effects does audio data compression have on consumers of recorded music?

    My question is basically up there, but if you're looking with no knowledge on audio data compression, basically it's just the compression of information in a audio file to make the file smaller. It also reduces the quality. Thank you!What effects does audio data compression have on consumers of recorded music?
    Consumers have choices, they can listen to CDs and compressed or uncompressed audio, lossy or lossless.



    To tell the truth a high-quality mp4 sounds almost the same as the original on a portable device. For high-end storage at home, you can always use lossless audio coding.What effects does audio data compression have on consumers of recorded music?
    I think it's just a bad idea in general. Little, if any dynamics, and a limited frequency response are almost anti-musical.

    What is the best way to transfer data between 2 computers?

    Is it possible to transfer data with just a RJ-45 cable, or do I need to get an expensive USB data transfer cable? I have done it with a wireless network in the past, but it is extremely slow. It took about 24 hours to transfer 15 gigs. What should I do?What is the best way to transfer data between 2 computers?
    The best way to do this is using a Crossover Ethernet cable. You can plug one end of this onto the network port on one computer, and the other end into the network port on the second computer. This connects the two directly with speeds up to 1gbps (approx. 20 times faster than standard 54mbps wireless)



    You will need to set up a shared folder, though, and make sure the wireless connection is DISABLED, as the wireless will automatically override the wired connection :)What is the best way to transfer data between 2 computers?
    If you have a wireless hub with ethernet ports available, use them. Just plug both computers into the hub via ethernet cables and have at it. This is what I do if I need to transfer large amounts of data between my laptop and desktop computers.



    Otherwise, as posted here, you will need to find a "crossover" cable (typically found at Radio Shack) or a crossover adapter (typically found in the IT guy's toolbox... though he might get upset if you borrow it.)



    As for USB, yes, you would have to either buy a data transfer cable, or perhaps if you have a large memory stick you could "sneaker net" the computers, but using wireless would be easier and maybe just as fast as you'd have to transfer the data twice (once to the stick, then to the second PC) for each chunk of data. What is the best way to transfer data between 2 computers?
    I recommend the USB Transfer cable. You could do it with a Ethernet cable, but make sure its a cross over cable. USB i think is the best.
    The best way to do it is using 2 ethernet cables and a router.

    What is the best way to transfer data from one accounting system to another?

    I am in the process of switching our company's accounting system from Platinum to Peachtree. I can't import the data because it's inaccurate. I've already set up the chart of accounts, customers, vendors, and inventory items for 2 companies. What is the best way to put actual data in going back at least one year? Should I input each invoice, item by item, etc? The reason this is so difficult is prior accountant kept horribly poor records. Much of the information may have to be pieced together from bank statements. HELP!What is the best way to transfer data from one accounting system to another?
    Are you just wanting the detail from 2008 or 2007 too? Either way, keep the level of detail to a minimum. Is there inventory to deal with? Personally, I'd key in the Balance Sheet figures only from 2007. When you do cash you'll have to make sure to separate the outstanding checks and deposits. Then enter 2008 invoices, checks, receipts, deposits etc. I've never heard of Platinum, but Peachtree isn't very forgiving nor very user friendly. You can only have two years open at a time. Given this, would it be better to wait and start Peachtree in 2009? Do you really need one year worth of detail?What is the best way to transfer data from one accounting system to another?
    I found a very good answer on this website http://www.lorandcontexpert.ro 鈥?but i can`t paste the answer because it is too big, look on the site.

    Report Abuse

    What is the best way to transfer data from one accounting system to another?
    You should ask your accountant firm what they would do in regarding the accounting part of the question. Regarding the technical aspect, you should use a data conversion tool to extract the data from, cleanse/transform the data and insert it into the Peachtree database. Several tools are available, among them EMANIO's Unite!.

    What is queue in data structure and what are the application of queue explain?

    What is queue in data structure and what are the application of queue explain?What is queue in data structure and what are the application of queue explain?
    A queue is just a FIFO buffer. Queues are used for many things, often is OS data structures, comms and simulations.What is queue in data structure and what are the application of queue explain?
    A queue is a particular kind of collection in which the entities in the collection are kept in order and the principal operations on the collection are the addition of entities to the rear terminal position and removal of entities from the front terminal position. This makes the queue a First-In-First-Out (FIFO) data structure. In a FIFO data structure, the first element added to the queue will be the first one to be removed.



    Some Applications:

    1) Serving requests of a single shared resource (printer, disk, CPU), transferring data asynchronously (data not necessarily received at same rate as sent) between two processes (IO buffers), e.g., pipes, file IO, sockets.

    2) Call center phone systems will use a queue to hold people in line until a service representative is free.

    3) Buffers on MP3 players and portable CD players, iPod playlist. Playlist for jukebox - add songs to the end, play from the front of the list.

    4) When programming a real-time system that can be interrupted (e.g., by a mouse click or wireless connection), it is necessary to attend to the interrupts immediately, before proceeding with the current activity. If the interrupts should be handles in the same order they arrive, then a FIFO queue is the appropriate data structure.What is queue in data structure and what are the application of queue explain?
    this link can solve ur problum about Q

    http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/ankush85-188652-queue-data-structures-structure-ds-education-ppt-powerpoint/

    What data plan should I get for a blackberry curve?

    I am planning on getting a Blackberry Curve and I have no idea what data plan to get. I don't really understand how the different amounts of data usage works. My carrier is Rogers. I know they offer 500MB, 1GB...etc. I really don't know how much will be enough. Can someon give me a hand with this?What data plan should I get for a blackberry curve?
    I can guarantee that you'll never be able to reach 500MB on a Blackberry, in fact you'll likely never reach 50MB (most Blackberry users incur less than 15MB per month even when accessing Internet pages on a regular basis). Right now the best deal on Blackberry plans with Rogers would be either the $35 data value package that can be added to any voice plan (this includes caller-id, voicemail, unlimited text messaging and 500MB of data) or the complete voice and data plan for $45 which includes 200 weekday minutes, unlimited evenings, 500MB and My5 Canada-wide.
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  • What type of data do sociologists receive from survey research?

    I'm writing a paper for my sociology class and one of the points I have to address is what type of data so sociologists receive from survey research? I've spent most of my time on this paper just trying to find the answer to this question. I need help or at east some other site suggestions.What type of data do sociologists receive from survey research?
    the key distinction in research methods is between
    quantitive and qualitative methods

    for more details about this difference, how it applies to specific forms of survey research, and to your question, see
    http://www.fhi.org/nr/rdonlyres/etl7vogs鈥?/a>
    scroll down to the section headed 'Comparing Qualtitative and Quantitative Research' and look especially at the table listing the benefits of the two major approaches for a detailed argument for using the quantitative survey method

    there are several other useful simlar web sites if you enter the terms
    'research methods quantitative qualitative' into the 'Google' search engineWhat type of data do sociologists receive from survey research?
    A survey is used (usually) to gauge public opinion about almost anything. Most of the common ones are crime surveys, market surveys and census surveys.

    Most surveys use numerical data (e.g. 'Rate how you feel about ___ from 1 to 5') this kind of data would be quantitative data. Questions like: 'Which stores do you shop at?' with a tick-box answering system are also quantitative, since you can say so and so many people shop at certain stores. Sometimes open-ended questions like: 'Please describe your reasons for shopping at this store' with a space for people to write their answers can be either quantitative or qualitative. Really a question like this should be tick-boxes but for a less biased answer (cause it directs someone to think 'yeah, i'll just pick that') an open-ended type answer system is used.

    If a question like that receive a lot of the same answers (price, location) then you can give numbers to the answers. This way when entering the answers into a spreadsheet (like in SPSS) it's an easier way to compile the data. If there are a lot of different answers, or you want a more comprehensive understanding of the subject (which is perhaps why you chose an open-ended question) that would be qualitative data.

    Really since surveys are mainly paper based, the kind of data you would be get would be mostly quantitative....I realise you could have meant more specific types of data.

    That would be nominal, ordinal and interval data.

    Nominal: Basically something you can count e.g. number of boys and girls.
    Ordinal: Ranking. Giving a number based on rank to things that normally aren't numbered. E.g. 'Rank these pets from 1 to 5 in order of preference. Dog, cat etc'
    Interval: A scale in which each of the numbers have an equal difference between them. E.g. From 1-10 how do you feel about this product.

    What is the point of putting data from xbox 360 games onto your hardrive?

    I have put the data from a few games (like bioshock 2) to see whether it would make any difference to the loading speed but I can not see any difference!

    What is putting the data from game disks supposed to do help with?What is the point of putting data from xbox 360 games onto your hardrive?
    It helps in two primary ways.



    1) Saves wear and tear on the game disc as it only spins it up for recognition purposes.

    2) Saves wear and tear on the drive itself as it doesn't get used when the games load from the HDD.



    Hope this helped!

    Peace!

    The ReverendWhat is the point of putting data from xbox 360 games onto your hardrive?
    Also helps with lag on online gaming.

    What takes up data for a phone according to Verizon wireless?

    I am trying to decide how much data I need to pay for each month because Verizon is being a little greedy mofo and charging more.What takes up data for a phone according to Verizon wireless?
    internet, email, any downloading, apps that use the internet etc...usually everything except talking, and text messagingWhat takes up data for a phone according to Verizon wireless?
    Data is considered internet and doing anything involving using internet is data

    How much data do you use with your iPhone?

    I just recently got a iPhone 4S for Verizon and got the 2GB $30 data plan. I'm not sure if that's enough though. I was wondering if you guys could say how much data you use and what you use it for like gaming every day, checking email a lot, surfing the web... I'm just trying to get an idea of how much data is consumed by different things or if 2GB is enough for me. Thanks!How much data do you use with your iPhone?
    3gbHow much data do you use with your iPhone?
    1 gbHow much data do you use with your iPhone?
    Typically, I cap at the 500mb a month limit. But.. if given then chance I would be using FAR more.
    0gb, since i don't have an iPhone

    on my android phone, i use aroud 3gb a month.

    How can I find if these data sets are significantly different?

    I have two sets of data. A control group, and another group. The data is percentages of survival per day of 23 days. (It goes from 100% to 0%)

    How can I test a hypothesis that one is significantly different than the other in excel? Should I be doing something with graphs and lines of best fit? what functions should I be using?How can I find if these data sets are significantly different?
    *Excel will not tell you if a statistical test (analysis) is statistically significant. Enter your data into a statistical package such as SPSS and analyze it there. It will give you the significance level*
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  • What is the data transfer that is on my wireless bill?

    I use At%26amp;t and I got a bill charging me $50 in text messaging and Iknow I didn't send that many text messages. When i looked in call details sections it listed all the numbers I either recieved or sent text messages. On some of them though I instead of there bing a number there it said data transfer. What is this?What is the data transfer that is on my wireless bill?
    Sending pictures or going to the Cingular Mall.What is the data transfer that is on my wireless bill?
    I dont work for cingualr but data transfer is probably some sort of web usage or did u or someone u know send a pic to ur phn? That could be it as well.What is the data transfer that is on my wireless bill?
    That normally means you transferred some kind of data to/ from your phone. It could mean a photo or photo message, browsing the web or browsing the downloads available for your phone, or actually downloading a game, ring tone, etc.
    most likely a picture or video was transferred. I had the same thing occur to me. I called Cinguler to inquire and thats what they told me, though they couldn't verify what exactly got transferred....

    What is a data servicing plan for a phone? Can you still make regular phone calls without it?

    The blackberry requires a purchase of a data servicing plan. So I wanted to know what it is exactly?What is a data servicing plan for a phone? Can you still make regular phone calls without it?
    The Data Servicing Plan is the plan that basically allows you to use the internet on the phone, download apps, etc. You can still make calls without it, but it is required for the phone. If it is Verizon, then it is $30 for unlimited data. At%26amp;t have similar rates, just a little cheaper.What is a data servicing plan for a phone? Can you still make regular phone calls without it?
    It's what you pay to use 3G Internet on the phone, it is separate from what you pay for voice and what you pay for texts.



    (3G Internet is when you use the phone company's cell towers to get Internet - if you use WiFi to get Internet instead, that does not use 3G and doesn't use any of the data in your data plan).



    Most phone companies require you to have a data plan with BlackBerry phones - so even though the data isn't used for voice, the data *is* required for you to use the phone at all.



    Data plans from most companies range from $10/month for limited data, to $30/month for unlimited.What is a data servicing plan for a phone? Can you still make regular phone calls without it?
    Data service refers to usage of the carrier for purposes other than talk -- i.e., text messaging and internet applications (downloading things from the internet, browsing the web, etc).



    You can still make regular calls without a data plan. However, it is very difficult these days to find a mobile provider that does not require a data plan if you have a smart phone (blackberry, iPhone, android, etc). The main reason for this (that they say anyway) is that much of the functionality of a smart phone is based on the data usable capabilities (surfing the internet, downloading apps, etc), all of which takes up a lot of data transfer, and if you DON'T have a plan, that can translate into huge unexpected bills for you. I have heard stories of people who weren't on a data plan that literally got a $10,000 bill for their first month of service because they were watching videos online from their phone the whole time. Not a fun bill to find in the mail.

    What does it mean when you stick your data stick into the computer and the computer asks ?

    "The disk is not formatted. Do you want to format it now?" And you know you have a lifetime of data and information on the data stick. And your stomach is starting to go in knots. Should I be thinking of jumping out the 17th storey window because my data is now lost?What does it mean when you stick your data stick into the computer and the computer asks ?
    It means your PC can't read your usb stick.

    Either,

    the File Allocation Table on your USB stick is corrupted

    or

    The USB stick has been formatted as HPFS, ext3 or something else exotic that windows can't read. (Try your stick on a PC running Linux)



    If it's caused by the first reason:

    Don't jump there is a solution.

    View the source belowWhat does it mean when you stick your data stick into the computer and the computer asks ?
    Take it to another computer and see if other computer will read it. Even... another OS like MAC OS.



    Don't laugh...I've seen this before. It's worth a try.



    You can boot into recovery mode using your install cd and run chkdsk on the data stick as well to see if it can be recovered.



    For future reference, the only way to remove the data stick from a computer is to eject it first. If you pull the stick out without ejecting it, you run the risk of corrupting the stick. Right click on it and eject it.What does it mean when you stick your data stick into the computer and the computer asks ?
    Try it on a different computer.

    If it doesn't work there you have probably corrupted the data. That often happens if you just remove the USB stick instead of explicitly unmounting it by right clicking on the drive name and unmounting it so that all data is written to it before you remove it.



    If you really have lost the data you should google for a data recovery tool because it is quite possible you'll be able to recover some of it.



    USB sticks are not great for archiving data. You should either burn a CD/DVD at the slowest possible speed, or backup your data to an external hard drive.

    What is the best phone/data plan to use for my unlocked iphone that I brought to India with me?

    It is a legally unlocked iphone and I am a moderate data user. Looking for a plan that is good for data throughput, phone charges and roaming.What is the best phone/data plan to use for my unlocked iphone that I brought to India with me?
    honestly every data plan suck in India. Both Airtel and Vodafone charges are high, BSNL's 3G plan is ok, but their network is bad, may be you have to try AircelWhat is the best phone/data plan to use for my unlocked iphone that I brought to India with me?
    You better take Aircell connection which lets you unlimited data access in just 98 Rs. for a month. Also it has per second voice call charges..So, i think its best. otherwise you can take MTNL if u are in delhi.

    What is the lowest priced data plan on Verizon for the new Nexus 1?

    I want to get a Nexus 1 on verizon but i honestly do not want or need a data package. (web, email and stuff)



    I know that they make you have one. For the nexus 1 what is the lowest priced data package?What is the lowest priced data plan on Verizon for the new Nexus 1?
    $30/month. The lowest plan is $70/month plus taxes and inludes the data plan and 450 minutes.
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  • What is a data servicing plan for a phone? Can you still make regular phone calls without it?

    The blackberry requires a purchase of a data servicing plan. So I wanted to know what it is exactly?What is a data servicing plan for a phone? Can you still make regular phone calls without it?
    The Data Servicing Plan is the plan that basically allows you to use the internet on the phone, download apps, etc. You can still make calls without it, but it is required for the phone. If it is Verizon, then it is $30 for unlimited data. At%26amp;t have similar rates, just a little cheaper.What is a data servicing plan for a phone? Can you still make regular phone calls without it?
    It's what you pay to use 3G Internet on the phone, it is separate from what you pay for voice and what you pay for texts.



    (3G Internet is when you use the phone company's cell towers to get Internet - if you use WiFi to get Internet instead, that does not use 3G and doesn't use any of the data in your data plan).



    Most phone companies require you to have a data plan with BlackBerry phones - so even though the data isn't used for voice, the data *is* required for you to use the phone at all.



    Data plans from most companies range from $10/month for limited data, to $30/month for unlimited.What is a data servicing plan for a phone? Can you still make regular phone calls without it?
    Data service refers to usage of the carrier for purposes other than talk -- i.e., text messaging and internet applications (downloading things from the internet, browsing the web, etc).



    You can still make regular calls without a data plan. However, it is very difficult these days to find a mobile provider that does not require a data plan if you have a smart phone (blackberry, iPhone, android, etc). The main reason for this (that they say anyway) is that much of the functionality of a smart phone is based on the data usable capabilities (surfing the internet, downloading apps, etc), all of which takes up a lot of data transfer, and if you DON'T have a plan, that can translate into huge unexpected bills for you. I have heard stories of people who weren't on a data plan that literally got a $10,000 bill for their first month of service because they were watching videos online from their phone the whole time. Not a fun bill to find in the mail.

    What does it mean when you stick your data stick into the computer and the computer asks ?

    "The disk is not formatted. Do you want to format it now?" And you know you have a lifetime of data and information on the data stick. And your stomach is starting to go in knots. Should I be thinking of jumping out the 17th storey window because my data is now lost?What does it mean when you stick your data stick into the computer and the computer asks ?
    It means your PC can't read your usb stick.

    Either,

    the File Allocation Table on your USB stick is corrupted

    or

    The USB stick has been formatted as HPFS, ext3 or something else exotic that windows can't read. (Try your stick on a PC running Linux)



    If it's caused by the first reason:

    Don't jump there is a solution.

    View the source belowWhat does it mean when you stick your data stick into the computer and the computer asks ?
    Take it to another computer and see if other computer will read it. Even... another OS like MAC OS.



    Don't laugh...I've seen this before. It's worth a try.



    You can boot into recovery mode using your install cd and run chkdsk on the data stick as well to see if it can be recovered.



    For future reference, the only way to remove the data stick from a computer is to eject it first. If you pull the stick out without ejecting it, you run the risk of corrupting the stick. Right click on it and eject it.What does it mean when you stick your data stick into the computer and the computer asks ?
    Try it on a different computer.

    If it doesn't work there you have probably corrupted the data. That often happens if you just remove the USB stick instead of explicitly unmounting it by right clicking on the drive name and unmounting it so that all data is written to it before you remove it.



    If you really have lost the data you should google for a data recovery tool because it is quite possible you'll be able to recover some of it.



    USB sticks are not great for archiving data. You should either burn a CD/DVD at the slowest possible speed, or backup your data to an external hard drive.

    What is the best phone/data plan to use for my unlocked iphone that I brought to India with me?

    It is a legally unlocked iphone and I am a moderate data user. Looking for a plan that is good for data throughput, phone charges and roaming.What is the best phone/data plan to use for my unlocked iphone that I brought to India with me?
    honestly every data plan suck in India. Both Airtel and Vodafone charges are high, BSNL's 3G plan is ok, but their network is bad, may be you have to try AircelWhat is the best phone/data plan to use for my unlocked iphone that I brought to India with me?
    You better take Aircell connection which lets you unlimited data access in just 98 Rs. for a month. Also it has per second voice call charges..So, i think its best. otherwise you can take MTNL if u are in delhi.

    What is the lowest priced data plan on Verizon for the new Nexus 1?

    I want to get a Nexus 1 on verizon but i honestly do not want or need a data package. (web, email and stuff)



    I know that they make you have one. For the nexus 1 what is the lowest priced data package?What is the lowest priced data plan on Verizon for the new Nexus 1?
    $30/month. The lowest plan is $70/month plus taxes and inludes the data plan and 450 minutes.

    What is the least costly way to obtain general market data that will tell an investor when to sell stock and?

    when to buy based on market situations. I have noticed that short sales data might be useful, but where would I get accurate data on such? I think I want outsider short sales data. But what other data would be useful to make my determination? Dow Jones 200 day, 50 day and 13 day moving averages? If nobody answers, I guess I have to do my own testing.

    What I really need is inside the Fed's head!What is the least costly way to obtain general market data that will tell an investor when to sell stock and?
    I would suggest reading the book "A Random Walk Down Wall Street: The Time-Tested Strategy for Successful Investing" by Burton G. Malkiel. It is one of the best books for truly understanding technical analysis. You can find his books in many public and college libraries. You may not like some of his conclusions, but they are well researched. Most other books on technical analysis are garbage.What is the least costly way to obtain general market data that will tell an investor when to sell stock and?
    Since you lack skills in technical analysis, I recommend reading "The Intelligent Investor," by Benjamin Graham. Value investing combined with either Morningstar's or Microsoft Networks' stock screeners will make you a lot of money.What is the least costly way to obtain general market data that will tell an investor when to sell stock and?
    do your own testing



    lots of data is available for purchase from various vendors, both for US and select foreign markets.



    Not everything you can think of is available from one source.



    **

    Buying someone else's ideas about creating indicators of when to buy and when to sell is dangerous. In order for the someone to make any decent money at all, either they must charge a large amount to a very few investors, or they must sell their ideas for small amounts to a gret many investors.



    in the 1st case [large fees], these investors obviously have a lot of money in the markets and therefore exert pressure on prices as soon as they begin to act. in the 2nd case, thousands or tens of thousands of smaller investors all trying to act at nearly the same time also exert pressure on the price.



    in both cases then, the price moves away from you as you try to follow the advice given and keeps moving until the advice is worthless!!



    thus, you need to build your own indicators.





    there are lots of books that will give you ideas -- just remember that every such idea is already being followed in the markets by many, many investors and that these books are for illustration and inspiration purposes only -- copying what they say will only put you into the queue to using ideas that no longer work!!





    GL
    Hi friend.. Try mutual fund it wil easy %26amp; safe
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  • Saturday, February 25, 2012

    A data set is normally distributed. About what percent of the data is within 1 standard deviation of the mean?

    A data set is normally distributed. About what percent of the data is within 1 standard deviation of the mean?A data set is normally distributed. About what percent of the data is within 1 standard deviation of the mean?
    i think the answer is near 68%, these numbers are out there for 1 , 2, and 3 sd's about the mean.

    What kind of data can be used in testing the strength of geodesic domes made of toothpicks?

    I am doing a science project, and I made 3 geodesic domes made of toothpicks. I need to collect data from testing the strength of each dome. I am going to tie a string from the very tip of the dome and place pennies on it till the dome breaks. The data i will get from this is the mass of pennies it wil take to break each dome. But I also need some other data. what other data can i collect when testing the domes?What kind of data can be used in testing the strength of geodesic domes made of toothpicks?
    You can measure the deflection ie how much does the top sag at failure.

    How much does each weigh and whats the strength to weight ratio for different types, therefore most economical.

    How can I store video data from a board camera on multiple memory cards?

    I am looking to store recorded video data from a board camera onto multiple 16GB memory cards (the kind conventional digital cameras use). What equipment/software is needed to transfer/record this data?How can I store video data from a board camera on multiple memory cards?
    Use a memory card reader or use the memory card slot on your computer if it has one. The video files will be on the card so you can copy them onto you hard drive and then import them into any video editing software program that supports the video file format.

    What method should I use to erase all data in ps3 without erasing the important data?

    In the manual of PS3, they warned me to restore the PS3 with care for not to erase the important data. My system is full so I need to delete them for more space. So tell me the best method to delete everything except the important data.



    Thanks.What method should I use to erase all data in ps3 without erasing the important data?
    Trailers, demos and game saves all take up data and are not important, so i would delete these. To do this simply press triangle over the item you wish to delete and choose delete. If you are deleting demos and trailers you can always download them from the store again. Make sure to back up your game saves if you delete them so that you have them if you change your mind. To back up game saves insert a memory stick, then click triangle on the game save and click copy.



    Hope I helped.

    How many data points are needed to draw a statistically valid conclusion?

    In statistics there is a specific number of data points whereby a valid conclusion can be drawn. If anyone knows what the number please tell me.How many data points are needed to draw a statistically valid conclusion?
    It depends on the confidence level you wish to achieve. Suppose you want to poll a sample of people to determine the percent of people who vote for a bill. If you want a 95 percent confidence level of being within two percent, then you would have to poll 600 people.

    Descriptions of confidence levels, confidence intervals, and a Sample Size calculator can be found at http://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm#t鈥?/a>How many data points are needed to draw a statistically valid conclusion?
    you can make a valid conclusion from any number of data points, 30 and more is said to be "large"
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  • What method should I use to erase all data in ps3 without erasing the important data?

    In the manual of PS3, they warned me to restore the PS3 with care for not to erase the important data. My system is full so I need to delete them for more space. So tell me the best method to delete everything except the important data.



    Thanks.What method should I use to erase all data in ps3 without erasing the important data?
    Trailers, demos and game saves all take up data and are not important, so i would delete these. To do this simply press triangle over the item you wish to delete and choose delete. If you are deleting demos and trailers you can always download them from the store again. Make sure to back up your game saves if you delete them so that you have them if you change your mind. To back up game saves insert a memory stick, then click triangle on the game save and click copy.



    Hope I helped.

    How many data points are needed to draw a statistically valid conclusion?

    In statistics there is a specific number of data points whereby a valid conclusion can be drawn. If anyone knows what the number please tell me.How many data points are needed to draw a statistically valid conclusion?
    It depends on the confidence level you wish to achieve. Suppose you want to poll a sample of people to determine the percent of people who vote for a bill. If you want a 95 percent confidence level of being within two percent, then you would have to poll 600 people.

    Descriptions of confidence levels, confidence intervals, and a Sample Size calculator can be found at http://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm#t鈥?/a>How many data points are needed to draw a statistically valid conclusion?
    you can make a valid conclusion from any number of data points, 30 and more is said to be "large"

    What is the quickest and easiest way to recover data from a hard drive?

    My friend has a Windows XP desktop system that contains important data. He says that when he turns on the computer, the lights on the front panel light up and he can hear the fan spin for a moment and then all goes dead. His most urgent problem is the data on his hard drive, which is not backed up. The data is located in several folders on the drive. Can someone list the major steps in the process of trying to recover the data?What is the quickest and easiest way to recover data from a hard drive?
    Option 1:

    Download Linux Mint and burn it to a CD.

    Boot from the CD. Choose to run the Live environment.

    Browse the HDD and copy the files to a USB drive or network share



    Option 2:

    Take the Hard drive out of his computer and plug it into another computer.

    Browse the HDD and copy the files.What is the quickest and easiest way to recover data from a hard drive?
    Most likely, his power supply is dead. Easiest way to "recover" the data would be to leave it right where it is, and repair the system it is stored on. Try replacing the power supply.

    What do data do I lose if I install a secondary internal hard drive?

    I'm planning on buying a new SATA hard drive and I wanted to know if I would lose any data on my already installed hard drive when I install it. Also on Disk Management do I check the secondary hard drive as a primary partition? And does it matter if the hard drive is a 2.5" or a 3.5"?What do data do I lose if I install a secondary internal hard drive?
    You will not lose any Data from the first drive, by installing a second one. Simply install the second hard drive, and turn on your computer. Unless your operating system is older than Windows 2000, your computer will find the hard drive on it's own.



    On disk management, leave the original drive as the primary, unless you intend to install an operating system on it. If fit is for storage only, leave the new drive as a secondary drive.



    As far as a 2.5 or a 3.5 disk, either one will work, but the bays are made for a 3.5, so a 2.5 would require an adapter bracket to adjust for the extra space.What do data do I lose if I install a secondary internal hard drive?
    You lose no data.



    Just install new drive with SATA cable. Then format it if not already formatted.



    You can renumber it if you want. i did.



    3.5 is what your desktop is wired and sized for.



    I am assuming you are adding a disk not replacing one.



    Use Disk Management to do this.What do data do I lose if I install a secondary internal hard drive?
    If you are replacing it, you will lose everything: Unless you save it to another (external) hard drive.



    If you are just adding it as a second (slave) drive, you will not lose anything.



    It does not matter weather it is a 2.5 or 3.5" drive.
    well if you're replacing the drive then unless you back it up or transfer the data you'll lose it all. if you just install it as a secondary hard drive then the first should be just fine.

    How do you copy data from one worksheet to another on Excel?

    I have some data e-mailed to me on one workbook on 3 different worksheets. This is my first time using Excel so I have no clue what I'm doing. I have 3 columns on each that I need to copy to one new worksheet, but the values aren't manually entered, they are by formula, so I get a reference error if I just try to copy them. How can I get the data all onto one worksheet?How do you copy data from one worksheet to another on Excel?
    You have two choices.



    1) Copy, then Paste special-%26gt; Values. This will copy over the values and remove the formulas (permanently). Paste special can be found on the Edit menu in Excel 2003.



    2) Change the formulas on the new w/sheet to reflect the new position of the data. You can often change one cell, then drag it down and across. For instance if your cell says =Sheet1!A1, remove the Sheet1! so it says =A1, then drag the formula down and/or across. But this only works if all your formulas have the same format. Otherwise it's a tedious manual task.How do you copy data from one worksheet to another on Excel?
    Instead of just paste. You choose paste special.
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  • How to zoom in and isolate the data on microsoft excel?

    Although the title says it all, what I need to know is how do I focus the data on the spreadsheet on excel. I have a science project and I construced my data table on excel so I need to make my data table neat and presentable. How do I do this?How to zoom in and isolate the data on microsoft excel?
    If you're trying to make graphs and charts, then all you have to do is highlight the region (including the variables like time and marshmallow size) and look for the icon that says create graph.



    However, if you're trying to make a table all by itself, then all you have to do is go to a word processor and click insert, table. You can play around with the font and the color of the numbers to whatever you desire. My suggestion to make it look nice is change everything to verdana 12 point font. Fry's electronics uses this font, and I hope it works out for you too.



    I dont think you can zoom in, but you can make the cells bigger by dragging the spaces between the letter and numbers in the columns and rows. And in turn, increase font size.



    I think this should help out? Ive done many science projects tee hee.How to zoom in and isolate the data on microsoft excel?
    A magnifying glass.

    What genetic data is currently available to explain evolution of man?

    (The evolution of homo sapiens from other hominid species)

    It is the Y-chromosome or mt DNA. And how is Evolution mapped through this dataWhat genetic data is currently available to explain evolution of man?
    http://books.google.com/books?hl=en%26amp;lr=%26amp;鈥?/a>



    http://docencia.med.uchile.cl/evolucion/鈥?/a>



    http://scienceblogs.com/geneticfuture/20鈥?/a>



    http://news.stanford.edu/news/2003/febru鈥?/a>



    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_evolu鈥?/a>



    http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/200鈥?/a>



    http://www.evolutionpages.com/chromosome鈥?/a>What genetic data is currently available to explain evolution of man?
    Too many to list here. Contact your local university.What genetic data is currently available to explain evolution of man?
    None.
    there so much data its hard to know where to begin

    What is the difference between population data and sample data in statistics?

    For some of my hw problems my prof asks for the answer for both population data and sample data. What is the difference and how to I calculate them differentlyWhat is the difference between population data and sample data in statistics?
    The population is the ENTIRE population: For instance if there are 450 students in your class to get the population data you would have to ask all 450 students.



    Most of the time this isn't practical, so you select a representative sample and extrapolate that to the whole population.

    The difference is in the mean used. You can never get the population mean without measuring the entire population, so you use 渭 - which is the expected value E(x).

    The sample mean is 藟x藟 (which is called x bar, couldn't quite get the symbol) which is the average of the sample.



    In terms of the math used this is a very good website to explain:

    http://www.chem.utoronto.ca/coursenotes/鈥?/a>

    What is the difference between qualitative data and quantitative data?

    What is the difference between qualitative data and quantitative data?What is the difference between qualitative data and quantitative data?
    Quantitative data deals with numbers. Densities, temperatures, etc. are considered quantitative data. Qualitative data is usually non-numerical. Color, odor, etc. would be qualitative.

    What is the software to read data on windows partition from linux partition?

    I am using dual boot system and i want to know the software for reading data on the windows partition from the linux partition...

    I want to use linux but data are all in the windows partition...

    Is there any software for reading the data ?What is the software to read data on windows partition from linux partition?
    Linux can read the data on NTFS partitions or FAT partitions - you don't need any special software.What is the software to read data on windows partition from linux partition?
    Which type of windows partition is it ?



    If its FAT32, then just type sudo mount /dev/sda1 in terminal and you will have your partition on desktop



    If its NTFS, use a new linux build like Open Suse 10.3 and follow the steps above.What is the software to read data on windows partition from linux partition?
    Everyone has their own favorite Linux Distro (except I like to be spoiled and will gladly tell you what is wrong with whichever one I am using most at the moment). Some distros read NTFS. Some don't. My first link tells you how to mount a vfat file system onto Red Hat Linux 9.0. That's an older distro, though I have it around here somewhere. The information is still applicable to most distros, and still relevant. What you do is you make a directory you can mount it to, and mount it. To mount it automatically, you edit your /etc/fstab configuration file (CAREFULLY AND BACK IT UP FIRST -- period) by adding a line which tells the computer to read it and what the file format is. I'll let you read it.



    The second link, for Ubuntu, is more elaborate but even better. It tells you how to find out what your partition is called by the operating system and what its file format is (with fdisk -l which is not Ubuntu-specific) and how to mount it (assuming you have already created the directory you are mounting it to). Used to be, drives were mounted to the /mnt directory. These days, they are mounted to the /media directory, unless you specify otherwise. On my old Dual Boot I specified the windows partition be mounted to my root directory (/). You can put it in /home/%26lt;username%26gt; if you want (though it may cause a few problems with permissions). It's pretty straightforward and you don't have to edit /etc/fstab unless you want the system to mount it for you automatically at boot.
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  • What is the software to read data on windows partition from linux partition?

    I am using dual boot system and i want to know the software for reading data on the windows partition from the linux partition...

    I want to use linux but data are all in the windows partition...

    Is there any software for reading the data ?What is the software to read data on windows partition from linux partition?
    Linux can read the data on NTFS partitions or FAT partitions - you don't need any special software.What is the software to read data on windows partition from linux partition?
    Which type of windows partition is it ?



    If its FAT32, then just type sudo mount /dev/sda1 in terminal and you will have your partition on desktop



    If its NTFS, use a new linux build like Open Suse 10.3 and follow the steps above.What is the software to read data on windows partition from linux partition?
    Everyone has their own favorite Linux Distro (except I like to be spoiled and will gladly tell you what is wrong with whichever one I am using most at the moment). Some distros read NTFS. Some don't. My first link tells you how to mount a vfat file system onto Red Hat Linux 9.0. That's an older distro, though I have it around here somewhere. The information is still applicable to most distros, and still relevant. What you do is you make a directory you can mount it to, and mount it. To mount it automatically, you edit your /etc/fstab configuration file (CAREFULLY AND BACK IT UP FIRST -- period) by adding a line which tells the computer to read it and what the file format is. I'll let you read it.



    The second link, for Ubuntu, is more elaborate but even better. It tells you how to find out what your partition is called by the operating system and what its file format is (with fdisk -l which is not Ubuntu-specific) and how to mount it (assuming you have already created the directory you are mounting it to). Used to be, drives were mounted to the /mnt directory. These days, they are mounted to the /media directory, unless you specify otherwise. On my old Dual Boot I specified the windows partition be mounted to my root directory (/). You can put it in /home/%26lt;username%26gt; if you want (though it may cause a few problems with permissions). It's pretty straightforward and you don't have to edit /etc/fstab unless you want the system to mount it for you automatically at boot.

    What is the best free online data backup service on the interenet?

    I only am interested in free data backup services... otherwise why pay a monthly or EVER a 1 time fee if I could just buy an external data peripheral or device???



    So from your experience, what's the best free, secure, and easy to use data back up web server on the internet?What is the best free online data backup service on the interenet?
    ztree.com has been my backup s/w since 1986, I use it everyday.What is the best free online data backup service on the interenet?
    If you have a dell laptop ten dell data safe online is the best for you.What is the best free online data backup service on the interenet?
    dropbox.com

    What if I never store data on my harddrive, but store the data on a flashdrive, can the data be retrieved from?

    What if I never store data on my harddrive, but store the data on a flashdrive, can the data be retrieved from my harddrive? I ask for security reasons. My theory is that if I never store data on my harddrive and my computer gets stolen the thief cannot access my data. True of false?What if I never store data on my harddrive, but store the data on a flashdrive, can the data be retrieved from?
    Some apps will still store data on your hard drive unless set not to.

    Most apps will store their temporary data or cache on your hard drive, which although auto deleted, can be retrieved by someone thats seriously looking for data.

    Also the filenames (incase they are sensetive, eg. porn) can be retrieved from windows history, etc.



    If you a serious about it, then you can install windows on your flashdrive %26amp; boot off that every time you want to work with sensitive data, thats a bit overkill though.



    But generaly, if you are storing your data on the flashdrive then you should be fairly safe.What if I never store data on my harddrive, but store the data on a flashdrive, can the data be retrieved from?
    It may be possible - it depends on the applications you are using.



    eg Some browsers will store data in a cache located on your hard drive, even if you open the site from a page on your USB stick



    As will severeal Microsoft programs, unless you have twaeaked them to avoid such a store.What if I never store data on my harddrive, but store the data on a flashdrive, can the data be retrieved from?
    True . . . I think. The flash drive can be taken out of your computer's USB (or some other kind of) port and placed elsewhere. The files will remain on the flash drive for the next time you plug it into your computer. Your hard drive will have nothing on it, and if someone steals your computer (which is quite unlikely . . .), they will not be able to access your files.



    If you don't want to deal with the hassle, you can encrypt your files so that they can only be accessed by entering a password. Just search for Google for "how to encrypt files."

    What is the difference between data and data?

    You know, data (day-ta) and data (daa-ta). What is the difference between them.



    If there even is one



    Is there?What is the difference between data and data?
    They're different pronunciations of the same word. Either is technically correct, although if you want to be a nitpicker about it your 'daa-ta' is closer to the pronunciation of the original Latin word 'datum' (daa-toom).What is the difference between data and data?
    People have different regional accents. Obviously the word is the same.

    ~

    Unless you are watching Star Trek TNG of course.What is the difference between data and data?
    Same thing. Tom-a-toe tom-ah-toe.

    What are some good companies to recover data from hard disk?

    I need a data recovery from my SATA hard drive that failed. Can't get data back. Had a recovery, but some important (sentimental) video files were not on recovery. I think it's still there on the failed disk that I removed but kept.



    Question is, are there any reputable companies that I can send my disk and have them recover all the data on that disk? Especially pictures and videos. I figure it'll cost a lot, but I want the data if it's still there.



    Thanks for any advice.What are some good companies to recover data from hard disk?
    DNSSOFT Technology Inc is advanced data recovery company commited to develop data recovery software,supply data recovery services.

    http://www.diskgetor.com/hard-disk-data-鈥?/a>
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  • What kind of data is best described by a polynomial regression model?

    In other words: What kind of data does a polynomial model describe. How will I know if a poynomial regression model is the best model to use for my data?What kind of data is best described by a polynomial regression model?
    When trying to discover a relationship between two variables based on observational information, the first step after data collection is viewing a visual relationship of the data.



    Many textbook examples will be setups; the data will appear clearly linear, or clearly independent. However, in real-life situations, you have to base your model on what the data looks like TO YOU. Does the data appear to generally tend towards a parabola, or maybe a third or fourth degree curve? For higher degree estimates, you are essentially asking how many times the data trend seems to change directions. It's an "eyeball estimate", really. A polynomial model can describe any particular relationship, if the data curve tends closely enough to that pattern.



    Even if data appears to follow a polynomial curve, it may more closely tend towards, say, an exponential or logarithmic curve. There is no instant, easy answer. It's something you do by touch; eventually you get to the point where it's a matter of instinct. However, when you are first learning these methods, it's worth trying several different options and finding which model produces the lowest error.

    What is the equation to seasonally adjust data?

    I know that it involves the raw data and the mean seasonal effect.

    I have seen these two equations and am unsure which one or if one is correct.

    They are : raw data-mean seasonal effect=seasonally adjusted data

    raw data/mean seasonal effect=seasonally adjusted dataWhat is the equation to seasonally adjust data?
    it depends on how the seasonal effect is determined. Either one can be correct.



    If the seasonal effect is that you have more of something in the season than normal then you use

    raw data - mean seasonal effect = seasonally adjusted data



    If the seasonal effect is that you have a factor increase in the season then you use

    raw data / mean seasonal effect = seasonally adjusted data

    What is the difference between moving a lot of data and moving data fast?

    In my computer networking class, my teacher said that a serial cable can move a lot of data at one time but it can't move it very fast but fiber optic can move a lot of data and move it really fast. What does he mean that it can move a lot of data but not very fast? If it can't move data very fast, doesn't that mean that it can't move very much data at once?



    I'm not really sure how smart my teacher actually is, he seems kinda dumb. Just a sidenote.What is the difference between moving a lot of data and moving data fast?
    its simple really a serial connection is like a four lane highway during rush hour, lots of cars(data) but moving slowly. a fiber optic connection would be like a high speed train(lots of speed but less data).What is the difference between moving a lot of data and moving data fast?
    Sounds like he was trying to highlight the difference between serial and parallel, although badly.What is the difference between moving a lot of data and moving data fast?
    Fiber optic cable is the new "thing". Think of serial cable as the basic choice for connections.



    Read about it here: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-fiber-鈥?/a>

    What is data verification and how can it be carried out on students details in a database on microsoft access?

    Hi there, i'm writing about how I can maintain data accuracy on a database that includes students details and want to write about what data verification is and how i can enforce in on my database storing class mates details and grades.

    If you could also tell me anything about input masks and combo boxes within the same scenario mentioned above (what is it and how can it be used in this situation) that would be amazing!

    Thanks, 10 points to the most helpful answer!What is data verification and how can it be carried out on students details in a database on microsoft access?
    if u want to verify the data accuracy u need to first verify the data u enter to the Dataset

    (in Access or SQL) by using if else or ,select case ,switch case all are known are selections

    then u can update the DataSet to DataBase

    by using .Update method of DataAdapter Class but in that case u need to reopen the connection by

    OleDbCommandBuilder Class



    the combo boxes are used to Select one of options in give selections

    u can use



    so important properties of ComboBox



    cb.SelectItem.Text

    .SelectdIndex



    so u can get the Selected items name of the index number by that way the index number based on 0



    the Masked TextBoxed are help to make a mask so user need to obey that pattern in order to enter the input on it



    u can use Mask property for that

    example

    .Mask = "######-######"



    Reference about more Masking



    0





    Digit, required. This element will accept any single digit between 0 and 9.



    9





    Digit or space, optional.



    #





    Digit or space, optional. If this position is blank in the mask, it will be rendered as a space in the Text property. Plus (+) and minus (-) signs are allowed.



    L





    Letter, required. Restricts input to the ASCII letters a-z and A-Z. This mask element is equivalent to [a-zA-Z] in regular expressions.



    ?





    Letter, optional. Restricts input to the ASCII letters a-z and A-Z. This mask element is equivalent to [a-zA-Z]? in regular expressions.



    %26amp;





    Character, required. If the AsciiOnly property is set to true, this element behaves like the "L" element.



    C





    Character, optional. Any non-control character. If the AsciiOnly property is set to true, this element behaves like the "?" element.



    A





    Alphanumeric, required. If the AsciiOnly property is set to true, the only characters it will accept are the ASCII letters a-z and A-Z.



    a





    Alphanumeric, optional. If the AsciiOnly property is set to true, the only characters it will accept are the ASCII letters a-z and A-Z.



    .





    Decimal placeholder. The actual display character used will be the decimal symbol appropriate to the format provider, as determined by the control's FormatProvider property.



    ,





    Thousands placeholder. The actual display character used will be the thousands placeholder appropriate to the format provider, as determined by the control's FormatProvider property.



    :





    Time separator. The actual display character used will be the time symbol appropriate to the format provider, as determined by the control's FormatProvider property.



    /





    Date separator. The actual display character used will be the date symbol appropriate to the format provider, as determined by the control's FormatProvider property.



    $





    Currency symbol. The actual character displayed will be the currency symbol appropriate to the format provider, as determined by the control's FormatProvider property.



    %26lt;





    Shift down. Converts all characters that follow to lowercase.



    %26gt;





    Shift up. Converts all characters that follow to uppercase.



    |





    Disable a previous shift up or shift down.



    \





    Escape. Escapes a mask character, turning it into a literal. "\\" is the escape sequence for a backslash.

    What makes tree ring data such a reliable source of past climate?

    Climategate reveals that using tree ring data is not always reliable, the temperature calculated from tree rings didn't match up to actual instrument readings, that's why they threw it out. Makes a lot of sense, I'd do the same. Today scientist know precisely what the variables are but for some unknown reason they are unable to calculate the temps using tree rings. However they don't question the reliability of data prior to instrument readings, when we knew less about the environment of those times than we do today.



    So what makes tree ring data such a reliable source of past climate?What makes tree ring data such a reliable source of past climate?
    We've known about the problems with tree rings for some time. Climategate revealed how some of the AGW proponents responded to the problems.



    Simply put, tree ring widths didn't continue to increase after 1980, when we know that the temperature went up. The fact that they didn't increase in the 1100s and 1200s had been argued to mean that the temperature didn't go up then. But now that we know that the linear relationship between tree ring width and temperature ends, we know that lack of tree-ring-width-increase during the peak of the MWP doesn't mean that it didn't continue to warm.



    Keep in mind that this is on top of the fact that tree ring width is affected by myriad other factors such as moisture, pests, competing plants, soil quality at various depths, etc....
    It is information but not particularly reliable.

    I seem to remember that tree rings became popular to date things. By taking very old and long dead trees they were able to reconstruct "climate" back thousands of years. These reconstructed climates were really patterns of growth over many years. They could and did use tree rings in archeological sites where wood was found and they could sometimes use the pattern to date a particular site. Obviously that has some limitations. Growth can be affected by many things such as water, sun, heat, cold, dust, etc. You can look at tree rings in various places and they are not consistent with each other and often recent ones don't even reflect the actual measured climate. This is one reason why Mann's reconstructed climate was such a fraud. In addition those tree ring proxies with a hockey stick were favored.What makes tree ring data such a reliable source of past climate?
    On the one hand, I've never used tree ring data to gauge temperature, although it might reflect extreme shifts in the temperature at that time and place. However, you get very good positive correlation of tree-ring growth with rainfall data.



    What you do is run the correlation where you have both sets of data. If the correlation is good, you can feel safe in extrapolating it back to times for which you have only the tree rings.
    Tree rings do not make good thermometres. From 1960 on there was a divergence problem. Temperatures went up, while the tree ring data showed temperatures declining. The problem is if there is one known divergence problem, what makes people so sure that there are not any more going back further in time.What makes tree ring data such a reliable source of past climate?
    tree growth is spurred because of (amongst other things) a rise in Co2 - which is why it is misleading to assume that you can use dendrochronology as a proxy for temperature.



    Apparently trees may not be that great for preventing global warming anyway, at least in some environments: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/201鈥?/a>
    Unless its a long living redwood or oak it may not be a good guage. People must be able to read these rings as yearly climate effects can change the appearence of some of the rings.
    http://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/Bri鈥?/a>
    Good question. Apparently nothing. I can't understand we're still having this discussion. And why is Michael Mann taken seriously by anyone?
    The data collected from tree rings is incredibly noisy. An initial exponential decay function is typically used to smooth out the age related decline in tree growth (that is younger trees put on more girth per unit stem diameter in a year than older trees). Then any number of different functions can be used, from sin waves to moving averages, to further smooth the data and removed stand dynamics, species and local site variations.



    There is an unusual amount of subjectivity involved in the process.



    Be that as it may, there is a strong correlation between tree ring chronologies and past climate up until the 1960's-1970's (that is past climate from direct measurements but also other proxy data) when the two diverged and tree rings no longer served as a reliable proxy.



    This divergence can be for any number of factors from a change in precipitation patterns, lowered water tables or even a change in wind direction/velocity.



    So it certainly seems that they are acurate for a period of the temperature record but the divergence should be a great cause for concern and should cast a speculative eye on older data that lacks a true (not proxy) temperature record to compare to.
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